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原标题：母亲在怀孕期间使用烟草制品和后代过敏
背景：人们对母亲在怀孕期间使用加热烟草制品（HTPs）与后代过敏之间的关系知之甚少。本研究旨在确定母亲使用HTP是否与其后代过敏有关，并评估潜在的剂量－反应相关性。
方法： 2021年7月和8月在日本进行的这项基于网络的横断面调查中，我们调查了5688对产后妇女和婴儿（<3 年），报告了婴儿哮喘、鼻炎、结膜炎或特应性皮炎的临床诊断。我们使用多水平泊松回归估计了按妊娠期交叉分类的HTP类别婴儿过敏的患病率（PR）和95%置信区间（CI），并对潜在的协变量进行了调整，包括母亲吸烟和伴侣吸烟状况。非吸烟者作为参考组。
结果：总的来说，2.4%的妇女在怀孕期间使用HTP，7.8%的婴儿出现过敏。目前使用HTP者的后代在妊娠期间过敏患病率增加了15.2%（PR=1.98，95%CI 1.28–3.05）；这种关联在妊娠早期最为明显，但在怀孕前和产后减弱。观察到了剂量－反应相关性，例如，妊娠期间母亲每日HTP使用量增加一个单位与过敏发作增加5%有关。排除怀孕期间吸烟者的亚组分析和使用儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究问卷进行的敏感性分析显示了类似的模式。
结论：母亲在怀孕期间使用HTP与后代过敏有关。


原始出处
Allergy                                                  
Maternal heated tobacco product use during pregnancy and allergy in offspring
DOI: 10.1111/all.15536
Abstract:
Background: Little is known about the association between maternal use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) during pregnancy and the onset of allergy among offspring. This study aimed to determine whether maternal HTP smoking is associated with allergy in their offspring and to evaluate the potential dose–response association.
Methods: In this web-based, cross-sectional survey conducted in July and August 2021 in Japan, we investigated 5688 pairs of postpartum women and infants (<3 years). Clinical diagnoses of infant asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, or atopic dermatitis were reported. Using multilevel Poisson regression, we estimated the prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of allergy in infants with HTP smoking categories cross-classified by pregnancy periods, and adjusted for potential covariates including maternal cigarette smoking and partner's smoking status. Non-smokers served as the reference group.
Results: In total, 2.4% women smoked HTPs during pregnancy. Allergy occurred in 7.8% of the infants. The prevalence of allergy increased among the offspring of current HTP smokers during pregnancy at 15.2% (PR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.28–3.05); this association was the most pronounced during the first trimester but attenuated before pregnancy and postpartum. Dose–response associations were observed, for example a one-unit increase in daily maternal HTP use during pregnancy was associated with a 5% increase in allergy onset. Sub-group analyses excluding cigarette smokers during pregnancy and sensitivity analyses using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire showed a similar pattern.
Conclusion: Maternal HTP smoking during pregnancy is associated with allergy in the offspring.
First Author:
Masayoshi Zaitsu
Correspondence:
Masayoshi Zaitsu, Center for Research of the Aging Workforce, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.