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原标题：七个南欧国家花粉食物过敏综合征的异质性:多中心研究
背景：花粉食物过敏综合征 (PFAS) 是一种经常被漏诊的疾病，其诱因、临床表现和检测结果多种多样。这在具有广泛花粉致敏性的地区尤其重要，例如南欧。
方法：作为@IT.2020 多中心研究的一部分，在七个国家招募了815名年龄在10-60岁之间的季节性过敏性鼻炎(SAR)患者。他们完成了关于SAR、合并症、家族史和PFAS的问卷，并接受了皮肤点刺试验 (SPT) 和血清IgE检测。
结果：在815名患者中，167名（20.5%）报告了PFAS反应。最常见的诱发食物是猕猴桃(58, 34.7%)、桃子(43, 25.7%)和甜瓜(26, 15.6%)。报告的反应主要是局部的 (216/319, 67.7%)，发生在与诱发食物接触的5分钟内(209/319, 65.5%)。相关特征包括对至少一种泛过敏原（profilin、PR-10 或 nsLTP）的IgE 阳性（p = 0.007）、母系PFAS（OR：3.716，p = 0.026）和哮喘（OR：1.752，p = 0.073）。在中心之间，患病率（马赛：7.5%与罗马：41.4%，p < 0.001）和临床特征的异质性很明显。柏树的作用有限，只有1/22 SPT单一致敏患者报告食物不良反应（p < 0.073）。
结论：PFAS是南欧SAR患者常见的合并症。观察到各中心PFAS患者临床特征的显著异质性，可能与每个地理区域的不同花粉致敏模式有关。泛变应原、母系PFAS和哮喘的IgE可能是PFAS相关的特征。


延伸阅读
Allergy
Heterogeneity of pollen food allergy syndrome in seven Southern European countries: The @IT.2020 multicenter study
DOI: 10.1111/all.14742|
Abstract:
Background: Pollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is a frequently underdiagnosed disease due to diverse triggers, clinical presentations, and test results. This is especially relevant in geographic areas with a broad spectrum of pollen sensitization, such as Southern Europe.
Methods: As part of the @IT.2020 Multicenter Study, 815 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), aged 10–60 years, were recruited in seven countries. They completed questionnaires regarding SAR, comorbidities, family history, and PFAS, and underwent skin prick testing (SPT) and serum IgE testing.
Results: Of the 815 patients, 167 (20.5%) reported PFAS reactions. Most commonly, eliciting foods were kiwi (58, 34.7%), peach (43, 25.7%), and melon (26, 15.6%). Reported reactions were mostly local (216/319, 67.7%), occurring within 5 min of contact with elicitors (209/319, 65.5%). Associated characteristics included positive IgE to at least one panallergen (profilin, PR-10, or nsLTP) (p = 0.007), maternal PFAS (OR: 3.716, p = 0.026), and asthma (OR: 1.752, p = 0.073). Between centers, heterogeneity in prevalence (Marseille: 7.5% vs. Rome: 41.4%, p < 0.001) and of clinical characteristics was apparent. Cypress played a limited role, with only 1/22 SPT mono-sensitized patients reporting a food reaction (p < 0.073).
Conclusion: PFAS is a frequent comorbidity in Southern European SAR patients. Significant heterogeneity of clinical characteristics in PFAS patients among the centers was observed and may be related to the different pollen sensitization patterns in each geographic area. IgE to panallergen(s), maternal PFAS, and asthma could be PFAS-associated characteristics.
First Author:
Lipp T
Correspondence:
Paolo M. Matricardi Dept. of Paediatric Pneumology, Immunology and Critical Care Charitè Medical University Augustenburgerplatz, 1
2021-10-08 Article
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