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原标题：尘螨致过敏性鼻炎和哮喘皮下特异性免疫治疗的真实证据
背景：本研究的目的是分析过敏原免疫疗法（AIT）在治疗尘螨（HDM）引起的过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘的有效性。结果是使用哮喘发生率和相应药物的消耗量作为持续症状的指标来衡量的。
方法：在这项对德国纵向处方数据库的回顾性队列分析中，将在两个不同的连续季节周期中至少接受过两次尘螨AIT处方的患者与在连续的尘螨季节中接受至少三份有症状过敏性鼻炎（AR）处方的非AIT患者进行比较。研究结果包括AR进展、哮喘进展、哮喘发生率和治疗依从性。我们使用多元回归分析来估计AIT的效果，并调整相关变量。  
结果：这项研究包括2350名接受螨类过敏治疗的患者和64740名对照患者。在长达6年的随访后，与对照组相比，使用螨类过敏原治疗的患者需要的AR和哮喘处方明显减少（59.7%比10.8%），哮喘发生的概率也显著降低。第二年末，接受类过敏治疗的患者的依从率为63.8%，第三年年底为38.6%。
结论：通过长达6年的随访，监测到AR药物和哮喘药物的使用数量显著减少，证实了尘螨过敏原皮下AIT治疗对过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘具有良好疗效。


延伸阅读
Allergy                                              
Real-world evidence of subcutaneous allergoid immunotherapy in house dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis and asthma
DOI: 10.1111/all.14240 
Abstract:
Background: The objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) with an allergoid in the treatment of house dust mites (HDM)-induced allergic rhinitis and/or asthma based on recent real-life data. The outcomes were measured using asthma incidence and consumption of corresponding medications as the indicator of persisting symptoms.
Methods: In this retrospective cohort analysis of a German longitudinal prescription database, patients who received at least two relevant mite AIT prescriptions in two different successive seasonal cycles were compared with non-AIT patients who received at least three symptomatic allergic rhinitis (AR) prescriptions in successive mite seasons. Study endpoints included AR progression, asthma progression, asthma occurrence, and therapy adherence. We used multivariate regression analyses to estimate the effects of AIT, adjusting for relevant variables.
Results: This study included 2350 patients receiving a mite allergoid and 64 740 control patients. After up to 6 years of follow-up, patients treated with mite allergoid required significantly fewer AR and asthma prescriptions (59.7% vs 10.8%) than the control group, and the probability of asthma development was significantly lower. The adherence of patients receiving allergoid was 63.8% at the end of the second year and 38.6% at the end of the third year.
Conclusion: This real-world evidence confirms the good efficacy of subcutaneous AIT with HDM mite allergoid in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and/or asthma. Up to 6 years of follow-up revealed significant effects in allergic rhinitis by measuring the number of AR medications and demonstrating significant reductions in asthma medications.
First Author:
Marek Jute
Correspondence:
Marek Jutel, All-MED Medical Research Institute, Wrocław, Poland.
All Authors:
Marek Jutel, Bernd Brüggenjürgen, Hartmut Richter, Christian Vogelberg
　　创建过敏性疾病的科研、科普知识交流平台，为过敏患者提供专业诊断、治疗、预防的共享平台。